Because Allah is the Creator of mankind and loves His
creation many times more than their natural mothers, hence He sent 124,000
prophets in the world to guide them and ordered them to follow His Commands to
avoid going to Hell Fire. The man is supposed to thoroughly ascertain if he is committing
any prohibited act and abstain from it. The philosophy of prohibition is to
avoid acts which are physically, spiritually, and socially harmful to the man
himself.
The sources of Jurisprudential prohibition in Islam are
the Glorious Qur’an and the (authentic) Traditions of the Noble Messenger
(s.a.w.a.s.). Haraam means the things or acts forbidden by Allah. The related
terms in the Islamic Jurisprudence are; Wajib (Farz) means Compulsory, Mustahab
means recommended or desirable, Mubah means permissible (Neutral), Mak’ruh
means disliked and Haraam means sinful or prohibited. There is a punishment for
the one who commits Haraam act. The eight part of the “Furu-e-Deen” or Branches
of Islam (Shiah) is “Nahi-anil-Munkar” which means the Muslim himself/herself
should not commit the “Munkar” or sinful acts and advise others also not to
commit any sinful act.
Broadly, sins (Gunah) are divided into Greater or Kabirah
and Smaller or Saghirah. Some of the Greater Sins are believing in a partner of
Allah, despair, total disregard of Allah’s punishment, murder of an innocent
human being, fornication, disobedience to parents, Qata ar-rahm (cut-off ties
with relatives), usurping the rights of orphans, usury (taking interest),
fornication, homosexuality, Qazaf (wrongfully accuse of fornication), drinking
liquor and gambling.
Allah in His infinite mercy may forgive the Smaller Sins as
stated in Surah al-Nisa Ayah 31 which says, “If you shun the Greater Sins
which you are forbidden, We will do away with your Smaller Sins and cause you
to enter an honorable place of entering.”
The concept of Prohibition of Sins is related to the Piety
(Taqwa). Imam Ja’far Al-Sadiq (a.s.) defined Taqwa as “Submit to the Commands
of Allah and do not go near the prohibited.” Some of the Prohibited acts
mentioned in the Glorious Qur’an are as under:
Surah al-Baqarah Ayah 173 which says, “He has only
forbidden to you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine and that which has
been dedicated to other than Allah.” Surah al-Baqarah Ayah 275, “But Allah has
permitted trade and has forbidden interest….” Certain blood relations have been
prohibited for marriage as detailed in Surah al-Nisa Ayah 23.” Shirk or
associating others with Allah is prohibited as stated in Surah al-Mai’dah Ayah
72, “O Children of Isra’il, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Indeed, he
who associates others with Allah, Allah has forbidden him Paradise, and his
refuge is the Fire.” Surah al-An ‘am Ayah 151 saying, “…. And do not approach
immoralities, what is apparent of them and what is concealed. And do not kill
the souls which Allah has forbidden except by (legal) right.” Surah al-Nur Ayah
2, “Flog the fornicating woman and the fornicator with a hundred lashes each.” Surah
al-A’raf Ayah 81, “You engage in lustful activities with men instead of women.
You have become transgressing people.” Surah al-Nisa Ayah 10, “Those who wrongfully
consume the property of orphans are, in fact, consuming fire in their bellies
and they will suffer the blazing fire.” Surah al- Ma’idah Ayah 90, “Believers!
wine, gambling are all abominable acts associated with Satanic activities.”
Making light of
Salaat is also counted among Greater Sins. The Noble Messenger
(s.a.w.a.s.) said, “One who considers prayer (Salaat) unimportant is not from
me. By Allah he is not from me. By Allah he cannot reach near me at Hauz al-Kawthar.”
Sources:
The Glorious Qur’an and Greater Sins by Ayatullah Sayyid Abdul Husayn Dasteghaib Shirazi
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