THE INFALLIBLE IMAM HASAN AL-MUJTABA (A.S.)

Imam Hasan (a.s) was born on Ramazan 15, 3AH. The Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) gave the new born this name. He was growing under the guidance of the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) and the most blessed parents on earth i.e. Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (a.s.) and the Lady of Paradise Sayyida Fatima Zahra (s.a.). Whenever he went to the Mosque, the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) would pick him up and would let him sit beside him. Imam Hasan would come home and narrate the wordings of the wahi, the Qur’anic surahs he heard from his grand father to his mother. Sayyida Fatima (s.a.) told Imam Ali (a.s.) about this. The Imam wanted to hear how Imam Hasan describes the revelations. One day Imam Ali (a.s.) came early and stood behind a curtain. When the young Imam Hasan (a.s.) came, started to recite the verses, he hesitated and said that apparently some elder person was watching him; hence Imam Ali (AS) came out and kissed his son.

At the occasion of an Eid, both Imam Hasan and Imam Husayn were very young. They both complained to their mother that next day was the Eid, children of Madinah will wear new dresses, and wondered as to where be their dresses. Sayyida Fatima (s.a.) said that the dresses were being brought by the “Tailor”. She prayed namaz and sought Allah’s help. She was the “Siddiqa” in the light of Ayah Mubahela”. Presently there was knock on the door. When asked who was there? Gibra’eel replied, “I am the Tailor of Hasnain and have brought the dresses.” Green dress was for Imam Hasan, as he would be martyred by poison and red dress for Imam Husayn as he would be martyred at Karbala. Similarly, the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) became a camel for Hasnain on Eid day.

The Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) died when Imam Hasan (AS) was 8 years old. Imam Hasan (a.s.) spent next 25 years with his father Imam Ali (a.s.) and Imam Husayn (a.s.), his younger brother.

This was the period in which conquests of many lands took place. His father and no member of Ahlul Bayt (a.s.) participated in them. Imam Ali (a.s.) and his family formed a Trust and whatever their share of prosperity came to them, they all put into this Trust. The funds were used to help the poor and needy.

The Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Hasan and Husayn are the chiefs of the youths of Paradise.” Imam Hasan (a.s.) was also included in the Qur’anic Ayahs of Tatheer and Mubahela.

There are numerous traditions of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) in praise of Imam Hasan (a.s.).

Bani Umaiyyahs very cunningly utilized the general amnesty granted by the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) after the Conquest of Makkah and slowly poisoned the Muslims society. They mercilessly misused the people’s money to consolidate their illegitimate power, made false promises to the influential tribal and military chiefs to accomplish their evil designs. Whoever did not accept their unlawful acts were silenced by their swords. They used these tactics against the legitimate khilafah of Imam Ali (a.s.) and repeated against his sons; Imam Hasan (a.s.) and Imam Husayn (a.s.). This is evident from the change in Muslim society which was culminated within 50 years of the demise of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.s). Imam Ali (a.s.) was deprived of his rightful position, next Imam Hasan was isolated and by conspiracy of Muawiya, was poisoned by his own wife Ja’adah. Imam Husayn (a.s.) and his family and friends were mercilessly slaughtered at Karbala depriving them of food and water for three days. The grand daughters of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) were made prisoners, deprived their head covers, made to travel on camels without seats from Karbala to Kufa and then to Demascus.

When the conditions deteriorated, Imam Hasan offered to abdicate the khilafah. Muawiya send a blank paper to Imam Hasan and asked him to write any condition he liked!

Muawiya knew in his heart that he was not going to comply a single term!

Imam Hasan proposed the following conditions:

1. That Muawiya should rule strictly according to Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.).
2. That Muawiya should not appoint or nominate any one to the khilafah after him but that the choice should be left with the Muslims.
3. That the people should be left in peace, wherever they are in the land of Allah.
4. That the persecution of the companions of Imam Ali (a.s.) should immediately be stopped.
5. That the cursing of Imam Ali (a.s.) from the pulpit should stop immediately!
6. That no harm should be done secretly or openly against Imam Hasan (a.s.) or Imam Husayn (a.s.).

Shortly after the treaty was signed, Muawiya spoke to the people at a place called al-Nukhiala and said, “By God, I have not fought against you to make you pray or fast. I fought so that I may have power over you. That treaty is now under my foot. And from now on I will not fulfill anything.”

Muawiya agreed with the wife of Imam Hasan (a.s.), Ju’ada binte Ashas, that if she poisons Imam Hasan (a.s.), he will give her hundred thousand dirham and marry her to Yazid.She poisoned the Imam and he was martyred in Safar 50 AH.

Muawiya sent the promised dinars but did not marry her to Yazid.

Imam Husayn (a.s.) washed the body of his brother and after shrouding the body took the body to his grandfather’s grave but the enemies showered arrows on the body. He was buried in Jannat-ul-Baqi near his mother’s grave.

Sayings of Imam Hasan (a.s.):

There is a famous saying of Imam Hasan, “In regard to the world be as if you are going to live for ever. With respect to the Hereafter, be as if you were going to die tomorrow.”

The Imam was asked numerous questions; “What is forbearance?” He replied, “Restraining ones anger and controlling one’s self.” “What is righteousness?” He replied, “Replacing the bad with the good.” “What is honor?” He replied, “Being kind to one’s relatives and shouldering people’s burdens of sins.” “What is succor?” He replied, “Defending the neighbor, patience in war, and advance during adversities.” “What is glory?” He replied, “Giving while being in debt and forgiving others their offenses.” “What is manliness?” He replied, “Holding on to the faith, keeping one’s self-respect, being merciful, being kind, giving back people’s trusts, and ingratiating oneself to the people.” “What is the distance between right and the falsehood?” Imam replied, “Four fingers. What you see with your own eyes is the right. You may hear a lot of falsehood with your ears.”

Once a Syrian saw Imam Hasan on the horse back and started to curse his father Imam Ali. When the man finished his curses, Imam Hasan went smilingly to him and said, “O old man, I think you are a stranger. Let me know if you need any thing, I will provide you.” The man felt ashamed and broke into tears.

Imam Hasan’s hospitality was famous in Madinah. His dinner cloth was very vast. Different types of tasty food would be prepared for the people but the Imam Hasan would not eat from it. His food was like his father Imam Ali; barley and salt.

Imam Hasan had performed 25 Hajj on foot.

            

HOW TO RAISE CHILDREN - 1

According to the experts and the traditions of AhlulBayt (a.s.), a child comprehends the meaning of other’s words from the time he/she is four months old in his mother’s womb. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers should recite the Glorious Qur’an during pregnancy and after birth, let the child hear the Glorious Qur’an. It is reinforced by the recitation of Azan and Iqama in the child’s ears.

General Behavior:

As soon as a child begins to utter words, coach him/her  the basic Shia faith like the Oneness of Allah, names of Panjetan, names of twelve Imams and the names of the Infallible Fourteen Masoomeen; progressively, first numbers followed by the names. Roots and Branches of Islam, first names then English or Urdu meanings should be learnt by heart.

Slowly, teach him the etiquette and good manners.

Do not order or forbid your child too much.

Do not hit your child when he cries.

Do not ridicule actions of your child. Kiss and hug your child a great deal.

Say Salaam to your child to build his/her character and personality.

Respect your child and always keep your promises to him.

As a prelude to the future sexual training, train them to ask for permission to enter parent’s bed room.

While giving bath to a child, make sure other children are not present, do not play with the genitals, chests or thighs, and never leave children alone for a long period of time. Do not let a girl of six years or over, sit on the lap of a “Na-Mahram” or even kissed by a “Na-Mahram”. Do not let girls be naked in front of others.

Create love for Salaat in your child. In Surah al-Ankaboot Ayah 45 which says: “Indeed the prayer prevents indecencies and wrongs.”

Do not spoil a child which will create weakness and a lack of determination and will power.

Pray for your children, both during pregnancy and afterwards.

Reminders and requests should be given with gentleness so as not to create a barrier between parents and the child.

Respect your child so as to avoid rebellion against the rules of the house.

Become a role model for your child.

Foster the faith of your child.

Cuddle and kiss your child, it is one of our soul food.

Separate the beds of children over 6 years old.

When guiding the child, do not mention or compare the names of other children constantly.

Stay away from the bossy behavior towards your child.

It is very important to inculcate the habit of telling the truth in the child. Parents should lead by example.

Do not use fear as a factor of raising a child as this damage his/her personality.

Stories are a useful and important tool of encouraging virtues as the Glorious Qur’an contains numerous stories. But in selecting stories attention be focused on child’s age, intelligence, name of Allah should be mentioned, avoid extremes, truth and righteousness should prevail and it should be short.

Make sure your child performs Salaat (Namaz) from 7 years and fasting from 9 years of age.

Do not be quick to accuse your child of lying.

Encourage your child to ask questions to satisfy his inquisitiveness.

Avoid quarreling in front of your child which will affect him adversely.

Children have a particular fear of the word death, especially the death of their mother or father. Hence, at a suitable age explain the truth about death, clearly and calmly without eliciting fear.

Sources used:

Better Future                                                                                                   by: Abdul Azeem Mutadi

Pious son                                                                                                         by: Rayhaneye Beheshti

A SYNOPSIS OF MIR BABBAR ALI ANEES'S FAMOUS MARSIYA

Mir Babbar Ali Anees (r.a.) was the most prestigious Urdu poet who took the art of ‘Marsiya goi’ to the peak.

The word “Marsiya” is derived from the Arabic word “Risa” meaning a great tragedy or lamentation for a departed soul. But after the Great Sacrifice, the tragedy of Karbala, Marsia used exclusively to describe the events at Karbala. It is poetry full of pathos, love, emotions, bravery, patriotism and ultimate sacrifice. It was this incredible talent, enormous vocabulary of Urdu, Arabic and Persian and commendable mastery of Mir Anees. He added beauty through perfectly balanced verses, simplicity, emotional painting, psychological treatment depicting moral and human values, universally acknowledged and acclaimed. His treatment of different relations in the tragedy of Karbala as evidenced in South East Asia is commendable.

 Mir Anees had compiled 92 Marsias, 70 Salaams, and numerous Rubaais, Nauhas, Munajaat, and Mukhammas.

Appended below are a few stanzas of his famous Marsiya “Jab Qata Ki Musafat e Shab Aftab Ne” which was translated by Dr. David Matthews, professor of Oriental and African Studies at University of London. This Marsiya is a long one describing the shahadat of some of the Bani Hashim. At the end, he described the brave and fearless jihad of Imam Husayn. The Marsiya consists of 194 couplets of six verses each.

Jab qata’ ki musafat e shab aftab ne                            The sun had run its journey over the night

Jalwa kia sahar ke rukhe be hijab ne                     Unveiled, the dawn revealed her glorious face.

Dekha sooe falak shahe gadroon rikab ne              The King who rides the heavens saw her light

Mud kar sada rafiqoon ko de us janab ne           And called his brave companions to their place.

A’akhir hai raat hamd o sana e khuda karo            The time has come at last; to God give praise

Uttho fariza e sahri ko ada karo                                   Arise! In fitting prayer your voices raised.

Haan Ghazio ye din hai jidal o qital ka     Brave hearts! For strife and slaughter dawns this day

Yan khoon bahega aaj Muhammad ki aal ka        Here the blood of Muhammad’s race will flow

Chehra khushi se surq hai Zahra ke lal ka                     Zahra’s darling, honored, seeks the fray;

Guzri shab e firaq din a’ya wisal ka                       The night of parting fades ‘neath union glows.

Ham wo hain gham karenge malik jin ke waste             We are those for whom the angels weep;

Raaten tarap ke kati hai is din ke waste                          To libve this day we sacrificed our sleep.

Ye subha hai wo subha mubarek hai jis ki sham    This morning brings an evening ever blessed;

Yaan se huwa jo kooch to hai khuld me muqam                We who depart for Paradise will slake

Kausar pa aabru se pahoch jain tishnakam    Our thirst by Kausar’s spring, and there find rest

Likkhe Khuda namazguzaraun me sab ke naam       May God exalt our names for honor’s sake

Sab hain waheed e asr ye ghul char soo uthe        Unequalled, each one of them to joy gave birth

Duiya se jo shaheed uthe sur khuroo uthe                     Let martyrs rise in glory from this earth.

Jungal se aie Fatima Zahra ki ye sada                           Far from waste came Fatima’s pure voice

Ummat ne mujh ko loot lia wa Muhammada                      Se Muhammad! Our family despoiled

Is waqt kaun haqqe muhabbat kare ada                Now who will save our friendship and rejoice?

Hai hai ye zulm aur do alam ka muqtada                        Against what tyranny our Leader toiled

Unnis sau hain zakhm tane chak chak par    Full nineteen hundred wounds were on him thrust

Zainab nikal Husayn tarpta hai khak par              Ah Zaynab! Come Husayn writhes in the dust

It should be stressed that any translation cannot convey the entire message of the writer.  Hence, in order to thoroughly appreciate the Marsiyas or Ruba’I, one must learn the Urdu language.

Sources used:

The Battle of Karbala                                                                                        by: Dr. David Matthews

MirAnees.com

STATISTICS OF THE GLORIOUS QUR'AN

The Glorious Qur’an is the last script of the Divine Revelation from Allah which is still unpolluted unlike other Heavenly Scriptures. It was revealed on the heart of the Last and the Chief of all Messengers, the Infallible Prophet Muhammad Mustafa (s.a.w.a.s.).

The Glorious Qur’an was revealed to guide the humanity. Hence, the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) near the apparent demise from this world: “I am leaving behind two important and priceless guides; the Book of Allah and my Progeny, if you are attached to them you will never go astray.” Hence we have to know as much as possible about them if we want guidance for this world and Hereafter.

The Glorious Qur’an was revealed over a period of 23 years; from 610 A.D. to 632 A.D.

There are 114 Surahs out of which 86 were revealed in Makkah and 28 in Mdinah.

The longest Surah is the Surah al-Baqarah with 286 Ayahs.

The Shortest Surah is the Surah al-Kausar with 3 Ayahs.

Surahs named after the Prophets are 7 while Prophets named in the Glorious Qur’an are 28 with 18 Prophets names are mentioned in Surah al-Ana’am.

Allah is used 2,698 times, Rahman is used 57 times, and Rahim is used 114 times in the Glorious Qur’an. These numbers are other than “Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim.

In each Ayah of Surah al-Mujadelah, the name of Allah has been used.

Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim has been used before every Surah except Surah al-Taubah, but it was used twice in Surah al-Namal; one at the beginning and other in Ayah 30.

Name of 16 places, cities or countries are mentioned in the Glorious Qur’an.

Name of 15 eatables and drinks are mentioned in the Glorious Qur’an.

Surah al-Fatihah is the most recited Surah by the Billions of Muslims each day.

Mary or Maryiam is the only woman named in the Glorious Qur’an.

Zayd bin Harisa is the only companion of the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) named in the Glorious Qur’an.

The Ayah; “Today, I have perfected your religion, completed My favors to you, and have chosen Islam as your religion.” Surah al-Ma’idah Ayah 3, was the last Ayah of the Glorious Qur’an and the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) lived only 80 days after this revelation. This Ayah was revealed at Ghadeer-e-Khum at the Coronation of Imam Ali as his vicegerent as ordered by Allah.

Laws relating to the women and marriage etc. are discussed in Surah al-Nisa.

It is the mathematical miracle of the Glorious Qur’an, that certain words are used equal number of times showing the equality of purpose; for example

                Man is used 24 times and woman is also used 24 times

                Life is used 145 times and death is also 145 times

                Zakat is used 32 times and Barakah is also used 32 times

                Hardship is used 114 times and patience is used 114 times

Sources used:

Facts about Qur’an: al-Islam.org

Myonline Qur’an.com

Slideshare.net

Islam awareness.net

SAYINGS OF THE KING OF MARTYRS, THE INFALLIBLE IMAM HUSAYN (A.S.)

Hazrat Imam Husayn (a.s.) was the son of the “The Orator of The Pulpit”, “The Gateway of Knowledge”, The Conqueror of Khyber, the Infallible Imam Ali (a.s.). He was one of the “Panjetan” whose purity was confirmed by the Ayah of Tatheer” and their Truthfulness was testified by the Ayah of Mubahela in the Glorious Qur’an.

The Almighty Allah had bestowed Imam Husayn (a.s.) with eloquence and spontaneity of speech resulting in a flood of maxims, advices and exhortations. Some of his shorter sayings are reproduced below:

                O Allah what did he find who lost you, and what did he loose who found you.

                Wisdom never attains perfection except by following the truth (obeying the commandments                 of Allah)

                Beware of oppressing the one who has none to repel your attack, except Allah.

                Beware of that for which you have to regret later. Because the believer neither commits nor                 seeks forgiveness and the hypocrite commits a mistake every day and seeks forgiveness.

                O Allah, do not test me by bounties and do not punish me with difficulties.

                If one does not have these five things there is no good in him: Intellect, religion, etiquette,                   shame and good manners.

                One who loves you prevents you from all evils, while your enemy persuades you to commit                 wrong and evil.

                The miser is the one who is miserly in greetings (Salaam).

                If a person hopes for something in Allah’s disobedience, it won’t last for long and what he                   fears will soon come to him (punishment).

                He told a person who back-bitted in his presence: “O man, do not resort to back-biting as it                 is the diet of the dogs of Hell.”

                A person began to speak to the Imam (a.s.) and said: “If one does good to an undeserving                     person it is wasted.”The Imam (a.s.) said: “It is not so. Because goodness is like rain that                     reaches both the good and the bad people.”

                Death with honor is better than a life of degradation.

                Weeping for the fear of Allah is the salvation from the fire (of Hell).

                One who accepts your goodness has helped you in goodness.

                On the Day of Judgment a caller will announce: “O People! Anyone who has any arrears                     upon Allah may rise up. Then except for the righteous ones, no one would arise.”

                A man received Imam Husayn (a.s.) saying: “How are you? Allah may grant you good                         health.” Imam Husayn (a.s.) instructed him:“Salam, greeting should precede wording. Do                   not permit anybody before he says salaam.”

                There are seventy advantages for the greeting (saying salam). Sixty nine are given to the                     one who greets first   and one is given to the one who responds to the greeting.

                Sitting with the intelligent is the sign of successfulness. Disputation with other than the                       disbelievers is sign of ignorance.

                When Allah wills a servant to destruction gradually, He bestows upon him with graces, and                 does not favor him with showing gratitude for these graces.  

                One who annoys Allah to please people, Allah leaves him to the people.

                They asked Imam Husayn (a.s.): “What is poverty?” He replied: “Avarice and despair.”                       They asked: “What is richness?”He replied: “To be happy with what suffices you and to                       have few desires.”

                One who accepts your gift has really helped you in attaining generosity.

                One who removes troubles from a believer, Allah expels troubles from him in this world                     and in the Hereafter.

                Do not seek help from any person, except one who is religious, or generous, or of noble                       descent (parentage).

                Compete for virtuous deeds and hasten to seize opportunities for good deeds by the                               forelock.

                The most forgiving person is the one who forgives in spite of his ability to punish (or                            avenge).

                People are slave of this world and their religion is just like saliva or taste on the tongue.                       They revolve around religion as long as their materialistic needs are well provided; but                         when they face difficulties, tests and trials, very few people prove to be steadfast.

Sources used:

The Council of European Jamaats, Imamreza.net, Ma’aref Foundation

COMPANIONS OF IMAM HUSAYN (A.S.) - 3 MUSLIM BIN AWSAJAH (R.A.)

Muslim bin Awsajah was a noble and pious companion of the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.). He fought valiantly defending the left wing of the army of the Infallible Imam Husayn (a.s.) under the command of Zuhayr bin al-Qayeen.

On the night of Ashura, the Infallible Imam Husayn (a.s.) addressed his companions and explained that the so-called Muslims of Yazid’s army were thirsty of his head only and advised them to leave in the darkness of night and that he would lift his allegiance (bai’at) from them. All the companions replied in unison that they would never leave him alone and would sacrifice their lives for him.

Muslim bin Awsajah Asadi said: “Should we desert you? Why should we not make our excuse clear before God tomorrow by doing our duty to you? I swear by God that I shall not leave you till I break my lance in the breasts of the enemies. So long as the sword is in my hand and I possess strength I shall go on striking them. If I do not have any arms I will stone them and I will continue to fight till I lay down my life before your very eyes.”

Muslim proved what he had said. He laid down his life before the Imam.

Miracle on the battle field:

From Yazid’s army, one Abdullah bin Hawzah came forward and said some bad words to Imam Husayn (a.s.). Imam Husayn (a.s.) raised his hands and said: “O Lord! Hasten him towards the fire (of hell)” Hearing this ibn Hawzah was enraged and desired to gallop his horse towards the Imam (a.s.). Suddenly his horse got aroused and threw him down but his left foot got entangled in the stirrup and his right was raised in the air. Then Muslim bin Awsajah attacked and cut his right foot. The horse started running with him with his head hitting against the stones and trees of the desert until he died. Thus his spirit hastened towards the fire (of hell).

On the day of Ashura, the individuals fought as two two, four four at a time. But in all such fights, the brave and righteous soldiers from Imam Husayn (a.s.) side were victorious. At last Yazid’s army commander, Umro bin Hajjaj addressed his men saying: “O foolish men! Do you know whom you have been fighting? You are fighting the valorous people. Do not fight individually, start stoning them.” Then he attacked the right wing of the companions of Imam Husayn (a.s.). Muslim bin Awsajah fought bravely and recited this rajaz (poetry): “If you inquire about me (know that) I am a male lion, (I am) from the chiefs and notables of the branch of Bani Asad, thus the one who oppresses us has deviated from the Right Path and from the religion of the Self-Sufficient , Omnipotent Lord.” At last he fell from his horse and Imam Husayn (a.s.) came to his side and said: “May your Lord have mercy upon you, O Muslim bin Awsajah! Of the believers are the men who are true to what they covenanted with Allah, of them is he who fulfilled his vow, and of them is one who awaits (its fulfillment), and they have changed not in the least.” (Surah Ahzab Ayah 23)

Habib ibn Mazaher came by his side and said: “If I had not known that very shortly I am going to join you I would have asked you to make a will.” Thereupon Muslim replied and those were his last words: “The only will I have to make is that you should sacrifice your life for this Imam.”

Sources used:

Supporters of the two parties                                                                           Ma’aref Foundation

Marefat.Weebly.com/Companions of Imam Husayn (a.s.)

COMPANIONS OF HAZRAT IMAM HUSAYN (A.S.) - 2 HANI IBN URWAH (R.A.)

Hani was one of the nobles of Kufa, a strong and proud Shia’h and a renowned reciter of the Glorious Qur’an in that part of the Muslim world. He was the chief of the Murad tribe. He had seen and was honored by being the Companion of the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.). At the time of his martyrdom, he was over 90 years. (Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Al-Isaba 3/616)

Yazid appointed Ubaidullah ibn Ziyad the governor of Kufa. The Muslims of Kufa were expecting the Infallible Imam Husayn (a.s.) as they have invited him for guidance. The crafty Ubaidullah entered Kufa at night wearing a black dress completely covering himself. After deceitfully entering Kufa as the Imam, he came out in true colors. He arrested all known Shi’ahs and prohibited anyone from sheltering Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel (a.s.). At that time Hazrat Muslim (a.s.) was staying with Hazrat Mukhtar hence he left his house and came to the house of Hazrat Hani ibn Urwah. Sharik bin Abdullah was staying with Hani. Sharik was one of the respected and renowned Shi’ah of Imam Ali (a.s.). Sharik fell sick and Ubaidullah was coming to see him. Sharik advised Hazrat Aqeel to kill Ubaidullah when he visits Hani’s house but he did not.

The Shi’ahs kept meeting Hazrat Muslim at Hani’s house. Ubaidullah planned a crafty scheme and gave three thousand dinars to his slave Ma’aqil to go to the Shia’hs and tell them that he had some money to be delivered to the member of AhlulBayt (Hazrat Muslim). Ma’aqil came to the mosque and found Muslim ibn al-Ausajah al-Asadi. His crafty scheme worked out and Ubaidullah came to know where Hazrat Mukhtar was staying, and continued to get information every evening.

One day he called Hani and said; “His feet, the feet of the treacherous one, have brought him to you”

Ubaidullah said to Hani: “You brought Muslim to your house and gathered weapons for him. Did you not?” He confronted Ma’aqil with Hani. Hani realized that Ma’aqil was spying for Ubaidullah. Ubaidullah ordered Hani to bring Hazart Muslim to him but he refused saying that he was his guest and the Arabs respect their guests. Ubaidullah threatened to kill him and hit Hani’s face with his sword so fiercely that his nose was broken and he was put in one of the rooms of the palace. Hani’s father-in-law heard that Hani was dead hence he along with his tribesmen surrounded the palace. Ubaidullah asked Shurayh, the judge, to see the condition of Hani and tell them that he was alive. Shurayh complied with and the people left. Later, Ubaydullah ordered that Hani be beheaded in the market.

While Imam Husayn (a.s.) was on the way to Kufa, at the place of Zarud, the Imam was informed about the martyrdom of Hazart Muslim bin Aqeel (a.s.) and Hazart Hani ibn Urwah ()r.a.). The Imam kept repeating the Ayah: “Inna Lillahe Wa Inna Ilaihe Raje’oon” (We belong to Allah, and to Him shall we return), as he wept, pleading to Allah to have mercy on them.

When Ubaidullah sent the heads of Hazrat Muslim (a.s.) and Hazrat Hani ibn Urwah (r.a.) to Yazid, he sent a thanksgiving letter as follows: “I have received the news that Husain is coming towards Iraq, deploy guards over the roads, gather provisions, and keep alert .Imprison and detain the dubious ones and kill those who fight you.”

During the times of Muawiya,he had appointed all governors from his Umayyad clan and they represented his policies of tyranny, oppression, deceit and ruthlessness.

Sources used:

WIKIPEDIA

Nafsul  Mahmoom                                                                               Ma’aref Foundation

The Uprising of Ashura                                                                       Allama Ali Asghar Ridwani

Maqtal al-Husayn                                                                                 Abdal Razzaq Muqarram

Martyrdom of Hani ibn Urwah al-Muradi                                            www.en.rafed.net