THE DECISIVE AND THE ALLEGORICAL AYAHS IN THE GLORIOUS QUR'AN

 

The decisive (Muhkamaat) are the basis of the Glorious Qur’an, while the Allegorical (Mutasha’bihat) used to test if  people’s heart have perversity and may seek to cause diversion among the people. The real meanings of such Allegorical Ayahs are known to Allah and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge. They are mentioned in Surah Ale-Imran Ayahs 7 to 9. This Surah starts with such ‘Letter Symbols’ like ‘Alif Laam, Miem’

“He it is Who has sent down to you the Book, of it there are some Ayahs decisive , they are the basis of the Book, and others are ambiguous , they follow the part of it which is ambiguous (allegorical) , seeking to mislead , and seeking to give it ( their own) interpretation, but none knows its interpretation except Allah; and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge say: We believe in it, it is all from our Lord; and none do mind except those having understanding. Our Lord! Make not our hearts deviate after You have guided us (aright); and grant us from You mercy; surely you are the most liberal Giver. Our Lord! Surely You are the Gatherer of men on a day about which there is no doubt; surely Allah fails not (His) promise.”  (3:7-9)

 Of course, the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) must be the first who was fully aware of such Ayahs.. According to the Traditions, he (s.a.w.a.s.) had said, “I am the City of knowledge and Ali its Gate.” He (s.a.w.a.s.) further declared before his departure from this world about the other “Rasikhona fil ilm” saying, “I leave behind me Two especially important things: the Book of God and my (divinely chosen) descendants (the Ahlul Bayt), should you be attached to These Two, never, never shall you get astray after me. These Two shall never be separated from each other, until they meet me at the Spring of Kauthar.”

Anas bin Malik relates that he asked the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) as to who the ‘Rasikhona fil ilm’ are. He (s.a.w.a.s.) replied: the Rasikhona fil ilm are those whose hands never wrought anything but righteousness, whose tongue uttered not but truth, whose hearts and mind are always on the right, whose stomachs have always been free from every prohibited or forbidden stuff.” “All these qualities can be found only in the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) and the Holy Ahlul Bayt about whose purity and cleanliness God Himself has declared in Ayah 33:33.

The Glorious Qur’an in Ayah 31:13 The greatest inquiry is Shirk- polytheism, and it is declared as impurity or uncleanliness. Who can deny the historic fact that while the Glorious Qur’an was being revealed, except for the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) and his vicegerent Ali, everyone had once been a polytheist, and only few years before their death they joined the rank of Muslims? Ali alone was there besides the Noble Messenger, who could rightly claim equal purity of body and souls with the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) and the fact is also confirmed by the Noble Messenger in his saying: - (Ali your flesh is my flesh, and your blood is my blood.)

Further reference about knowledge, please refer Ayahs 3:17, 4:162 29:49, 58:11, 16:43, 21:7

Sources: Tafsir al-Mizan by Allama Sayyid Muhammad Husayn at-Tabatabaei’

 Tafsir-e-Namouna by Ayatullah Naser Makarem Shirazi

The Holy Qur’an by Ayatullah Agha H.M.M. Pooya Yazdi   

EXAMPLES OF REVIVING THE DEAD IN THE GLORIOUS QUR'AN

 

Prophet Ibrahim saw a dead person whose half body was submerged in water and other half was being eaten away by animals. He paused and wondered how Allah will reassemble the scattered parts of a body. He enjoyed a prominent position among all the prophets but needed a conviction. “And when Ibrahim said, ‘My Lord! Show me how you revive the dead,’ He (s.w.t.) said, ‘Do you not believe?’ He said, ‘Yes indeed, but in order that my heart may be at rest.’ He (s.w.t.) said, ‘Take four of the birds.’ Then cut them into pieces and place a part of them on every mountain, then call them; they will come to you hastening.” (2:280)

 Before him, there was another pious person named Uzair, who came upon a township as it lay fallen on its trellises. He said, ‘How Allah will revive this after its death?” So, Allah made him die for a hundred years, then He resurrected him.” He (s.w.t.) said, “How long have you remained? Said he, “I have remained a day or part of a day.” He (s.w.t.) said, “Rather you have remained a hundred years. Now look at your food and drink which have not rotted! Then look at your donkey.” (2:259) Then Allah resurrected the donkey from the bones!

In the year 249-251 B.C. a king ruled over Rome who forced the people toward idol worshiping. A few pious youths rebelled against him and went in hiding in a Cave and prayed, “Our Lord! Grant us mercy from Yourself and help us on to rectitude in our affair.’ “So, We put them to sleep in the Cave for several years.” (18:10-11) “They remained in the Cave for three hundred years and added nine more.”

There was a rich man in the Bani Isra’il whose only heir was his nephew. The nephew was impatient for his uncle’s death to inherit his wealth. After waiting for a long time, he killed his uncle and cried to hide his crime. When the news reached Prophet Musa (a.s.), he communicated with Allah. Allah directed the people to slaughter a cow. There was a long discussion about the cow; its age, color etc. described in the Glorious Quran Surah al-Baqarah. They found the cow and touched one of its body parts to the dead whereupon the dead (rich man) was revived and identified the murderer. (2:67-74)    

Prophet Isa, with permission from Allah, revived the dead; “And I revived the dead by Allah’s leave…” (3:49) and also Allah addressed Prophet Isa as, “…and you would raise the dead, with My leave…” (5:110)

Prophet Musa took along himself seventy people to mount Tur. On reaching the Mount, they insisted to see Allah with their eyes. A lightening struck them all and they were revived on Prophet Musa’s prayer. “And when you said, O Musa! We will not believe you until we see Allah visibly. Thereupon a thunderbolt seized you as you looked on. Then We raised you up after your death so that you might give thanks.” (2:55-56)

One of the groups of Bani Is ‘rail left their homes in fear of some epidemic, but they were killed by Allah. They were revived by the prayer of a prophet Hizqil. “Have you not regarded those who left their homes in thousands, apprehensive of death, whereupon Allah said to them ’Die,’ then He revived them. Indeed, Allah is Gracious to humankind, but most people do not give thanks.” (2:243)  

Source: The Glorious Qur’an

ENORMOUS BENEFITS OF RECITING SURAHS BAQARAH TO SURAHMURSALA-Part One

 

Surah al-Baqarah (2): Tabrasi reported in Maj ’ma al Bayan that the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said that surah al-Baqarah has the distinction and Ayat al-Kursi has the most distinction. Imam Zain al-Abidin (a.s.) said that the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Whoever recites first four Ayahs, Ayat al-Kursi and two Ayahs after Ayat al-Kursi and the last three Ayahs then he will not have any adverse effects in his person nor in his wealth.”

Surah Ali-Imran (3): The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this Surah on Friday then until the sun-set, he will be showered by Mercy of Allah and the angels will beg for his forgiveness.” Imam al-Sadiq (a.s.) said, “If a person faces hardships in earning his livelihood, then he should write and wear it as talisman to increase his sustenance. Also, if anyone recites both Surah al Baqarah and Surah Ali Imran then these Surahs will protect him from the scorching heat on the Day of Judgement.”

Surah al-Nisa (4):  Imam Ali (a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this Surah on every Friday, he will remain safe from the squeezing in the grave (Fishare Qabr) (Tafsir al Burhan)

Surah al-Ma’idah (5): The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, whoever recites this Surah will get a reward equivalent to ten times the Christians and Jews alive in the world and will be forgiven the same number of sins.”

Surah al-An’aam (6): Imam al-Sadiq (a.s.) said, “People should accord due respect as names of Allah (s.w.t.) appears 70 times in it.” Imam Reza (a.s.) said, “This was revealed accompanied by 70,000 angels. They will ask forgiveness from Allah (s.w.t.) for the person who recites till the Day of Judgement.”

Surah al-A’raaf (7): The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “There will be a veil between the reciter and the Iblees and also the reciter will be in the company of Prophet Adam.” Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “whoever recites this surah once a month, he will have no fear on the Day of Resurrection and if it is recited on a Friday, the reciter will be exempted from accounting on the Day of Judgement.”

Surah al-An’faal (8): Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this Surah and Surah at-Tawba every month will be protected from being a hypocrite and will be counted among the followers of Imam Ali (a.s.)

Surah at-Tawba (9): It is narrated that 70,000 angels accompanied at the time of revelation. keeping this Surah over one’s head is a safety from thieves and destruction of property by fire.

Surah Yunus (10): Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “Whoever recite this surah once in two three months, he will be treated in “Muqarrabeen” on the Day of Reckoning and rewarded by the number of people in prophet Yunus community.”

Surah Hud (11): The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this surah will be rewarded by the number people during my time, ranked as a martyr, and his accounting will be made easy.”

Surah Yusuf (12): The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this surah and teaches his family how to recite it, Allah (s.w.t.) will make his last moments before death easy, remove jealousy from his heart.

Surah Ra’d (13): The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this surah will be made among those who have fulfilled his promise to Allah (s.w.t.) and will be rewarded ten times the sins he had committed. Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “whoever recites this surah will enter Jannah without accounting and will be allowed to intercede on behalf of his relatives and friends.”

Surah Ibrahim (14): Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this surah and surah Hijr in a two rak’at prayer on every Friday, he will remain safe from poverty, insanity and sudden calamity.”

Surah Hijr (15): The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Whoever recites this surah will be rewarded equal to the number of Muhajireen and Ansaar.”

Important note: The rewards for reciting any Ayahs should be followed by pondering over them and putting into practice the contents.

Sources: The Glorious Quran-Tafsir-e- Namoona by Ayatullah Nasir Nakarem Shirazi

               Fawaid-e-Qur’an by Allama Sayyid Mustafa Musawi

MANIFESTATIONS OF TONGUE

 

Tongue has been used twenty-five times in the Glorious Qur’an. Allah (s.w.t.) reminds man, “Have We not made for him two eyes, a tongue and two lips…” (90:8,9) Tongue is also a means of comprehension like eyes and ears. Tongue is the key to our thoughts and memory. Imam Ali (a.s.) said, “A man’s personality is hidden beneath his tongue.” It is the architect of man’s personality. The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Speak to be comprehended.”

It is mentioned immediately after the man’s creation; “The All-beneficent has taught the Qur’an. He created man, (and) taught him articulate speech.” (55:1-4). Prophet Yusuf, when he was in the prison, interpreted the king’s dream, was brought out to the king, and spoke about his talents. The king appointed him the finance minister. Prophet Musa when appointed as a prophet prayed, “Remove the hitch from my tongue, (so that) they may understand my discourse.” (20:27,28) He also requested for Prophet Harun saying, “Harun, my brother, he is more eloquent than me in speech, so send him with me as a helper to confirm me, for I fear that they will impugn me.” (28:34) Addressing the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) about his prime responsibility, Allah (s.w.t.) says, “Indeed We have made it simple in your language so that you may give good news thereby to the God wary and warn with it a disputatious lot.” (19:97) Prophet Ibrahim also prayed for a truthful tongue, “Confer on me a worthy repute among the posterity.” (26:84). A similar request was made for Prophet Is‘haque and Prophet Yaqoob, “And We bestowed of Our Mercy on them, and assigned unto them a high and true renown.” (19:50) Allah (s.w.t.) determines the variety of languages of the world as a sign as stated, “Among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the difference of your languages and the colors. There are indeed signs in that for those who know.” (30:22)

In short, tongue is the only source by which one expresses his faith, prays, and supplicates. When Allah (s.w.t.) wants to talk to His Prophet Musa, the Glorious Qur’an says, “…and to Musa Allah spoke directly…” (4:164). On the same lines, Allah (s.w.t.) addresses Prophet Isa, “…so you would speak to the people in the cradle and in adulthood…” (5:110) The Message of Islam was communicated to the world by the Noble Messenger through his sacred tongue!

The importance of tongue has been stated above but it also entails responsibilities. “Certainly, We have created man and We know to what his soul tempts him, and We are nearer to him than his jugular vein. When the twin recorders record (his deeds), seated on the right hand and the left: he says no word but that there is a ready observer beside him.” (50:16-18). Imam Ali (a.s.) said, “Tongue is like a beast, if left uncontrolled, it would tear apart.” It can be controlled by thinking and weighing the consequences. The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “The center of many sins is his tongue.” Calamities and sins committed by tongue are:

Back-biting: “Do not spy or back-bite one another. Will any one of you love to eat the flesh of his dead brother” (49:12)

 False lie: “Indeed those who fabricate lies against Allah (s.w.t.) will not be felicitous.” (16:116)

Hypocrisy: Speaking something which is not in their hearts. “They say with their tongues what is not in their hearts” (48:11) When you were receiving on your tongues, and you were mouthing something of which you have no knowledge” (24:15) Witnessing: It is the responsibility of tongue to testify. “And do not conceal testimony” (2:283)

Ridicule others: “Let not any people ridicule another people.” (49:11)

Lies: There are many Ayahs of Qur’an and traditions of Masoomeen. “Only those fabricate lies who do not believe in the signs of Allah” (16:105)

Scandalmongering: “And do not obey any scandal-monger….” (68:11)

Gossiping: Obscene and vulgar talk. “We used to gossip along with the gossipers.” (74:45)

Slandering: “Woe to every scandal-monger and slanderer.” (104:1)

The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Allah will chastise the tongue and will not chastise any other part of the Body. The faith will not take root in a man’s heart until his tongue is controlled.”

 

Sources: The Glorious Qur’an (Urdu translation) by Ayatullah Nasir Makarim Shirazi

                Fawaid-e-Qur’an by Allama Sayyid Mustafa Musawi, Everlasting Charter of Qur’an by Ayatullah Ja’far Subhani

                               

WHAT IS NAFS -PART ONE

 Although in the English language, no distinction made, and the word soul or spirit is used interchangeably for Rooh and Nafs. In my blog (Zulfiqar5.blogspot.com), I had tried to explain “Rooh” and the various stages of “Nafs.” Please refer my article “The Serene Soul” published on December18, 2015 and August 15, 2017.

Here, I am trying to explain “Nafs” in a novel approach. Allah creates Nafs simultaneously with the body. Nafs is abstract and independent of body. Although, its limitation is body but for sustenance it is independent of body. Matter is dependent of time and Space. Our actions are lost by passage of time, but Allah has established a system that the essence of the action is saved in our Nafs. Any deed or saying is not saved unless it is recorded. When that deed or saying is repeated several times, its influence is retained in our Nafs. It is called Malaka or Malak or angel. When we perform wudhu, then Allah creates angels from the droplets of the water of wudhu. It is mentioned in the traditions that when we recite, “Subhanallahe wal Hamdulillahe wa La Ilaha Illallahu wallahu Akber” then the angels start making houses for us in the Paradise. It is reported that the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali (a.s.) used to recite the following supplications at various stages of performing wudu:

When beginning the wudu, He (a.s.) used to say, “I begin in the name of Allah, and only for Allah and all praise belongs to Allah, Who has made water pure and not made water impure.” When washing the hands, He (a.s.) used to say, “I begin in the name of Allah, and only for Allah, O Allah! Place me amongst those who ask for forgiveness and place me amongst those who purify themselves “When rinsing the mouth, He (a.s.) used to say, “O Allah! Enable me to answer on the Day of meeting You and open my tongue for Your Praise.” When rinsing the nose, He (a.s.) used to say, “O Allah! Do not make the fragrance of Paradise forbidden for me and let me be one of those who will smell its scent, its refreshment and its perfume.” When washing the face, He (a.s.) used to say, “O Allah! Brighten my face on the Day (of Judgement), when the faces will be darkened, and do not darken my face on the Day when the faces will be made bright. When washing the right arm, He (a.s.) used to say “O Allah! Place my book of deeds in my right hand and a permanent stay in Paradise on my left and make my reckoning an easy one.” When washing the left arm, He (a.s.) used to say, “O Allah! Do not place my book of deeds in my left hand not behind me, and do not make it hang around my neck. And I seek refuge with You from blazing fire!!” When wiping the head, He (a.s.) used to say, “O Allah! Cover me with Your Mercy, Your Blessings and Your Pardon.” When wiping the feet, He used to say, “O Allah! Keep me firm on the Bridge (to Paradise) on the Day when feet will slip and help me in my efforts to perform acts which will please You. O the Gracious and Mighty.”

Imam Ali (a.s.) said, "When a faithful performs wudu as stated above, Allah will create angels for the drops of wudu who pray for the faithful till the Day of Judgement."

Al-Jahiz was a great writer and poet. In one of his books called Kitab al-Haywan (book of living), he had mentioned two sayings of the Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (a.s.), “A man who did not know his worth is perished. “Our great scholars like AyatullahMullah Sadra, Ayatullah Mullah Hadi Sabzwari, Ayatullah Baqir Damad and Ayatullah Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai had performed exemplary work on “Nafs”

The Nafs of Muhammad and Ale Muhammad was so high that Allah called them His Nafs. Like in Surah Ash-Shams where swears eight times specially in Ayah 7, “Wa Nafsin wa Ma Sawwaha”. Allah (s.w.t.) is proud of His creation of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.). Of course, He was not proud for the creation of sinful creatures like us.

Surah al-Fath Ayah 10, “Indeed those who swear allegiance to you, they swear allegiance only to Allah: the hand of Allah is above their hands.” Here Allah (s.w.t.) did not use the word showing similitude saying those who swear allegiance to His Prophet was as if they are swearing allegiance to Allah! This shows the height of the nearness of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) Similarly, Imam Ali (a.s.) was the Nafs of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.)  as proclaimed in the famous Ayah of Mubahela, Surah Ale Imran Ayah 61, “Should anyone argue with you concerning him (Prophet Isa), after the knowledge has come to you, say, ‘Come! Let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, our souls, and your souls (Anfasuna wa Anfusakum) then let us pray earnestly and call down Allah’s curse upon the liars.”

Sources: The Glorious Qur’an, WIKIPEDIA, Ayatullah Aqeel al-Gharavi speech on “Marefat-e-Nafs,” Duas.org, al-Kafi 3/70

NEARNESS TO ALLAH (QURBATAN ILLALLAH)

 

Qurb means nearness of one thing to another in time and space. Another common usage of the word “Qurb” means the center of attention of someone or to hold a special place near them. In the physical world, when we say that A is near B, but both should be material. In case of Allah (s.w.t.), He has no material body, and He is unlimited, and we cannot point out towards Him.

Allah (s.w.t.) says in Holy Qur’an: “…. I certainly am near; I answer the prayers of those who pray.” (2:186). “We are closer to him than you, but you cannot see.” (56:85). “We swear that We have created the human being and We know what his soul whispers to him. We are closer to him than even his jugular vein.” (50:16) “Believers, listen to Allah and the Messengers when they call you to that which gives you life. Know that Allah is between a man and his heart….” (8:24)

This journey of nearness takes place in the man himself by traveling from material intellect to active intellect, he communicates with the Names and Attributes of Allah (s.w.t.). The depth and faculties of his existence are strengthened, and he becomes one of Allah (s.w.t.)’s great signs and manifestations. This spiritual state can be called “nearness to Allah (s.w.t.). Let me explain material and active intellect.

Material Intellect: Is a potential state of understanding. This is the basic intellect.

Active Intellect: It understands concepts and judgments needing speculative reasoning through self-evident concepts and judgments.

Allah (s.w.t.) is Merciful and loves His creatures, there is no one who loves the human beings more and cares for his needs than his Creator. One day, the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) was walking with his companions when he saw a mother bird with her babies in the nest. She was feeding her babies with utmost tenderness. The companions were awe-stricken. The Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) said: “Let me inform you that Allah (s.w.t.) loves His human beings 70 times more than this mother bird.” Allah’s blessings are countless. In His infinite Mercy, Allah (s.w.t.) has promised to multiply the rewards of good deeds by 10 times, while the punishment of a sin will only be one time. He has ordered his angels to record a good deed as soon as the intention is made, while a sin is recorded only after it is committed. A sin can be erased through seeking forgiveness. When someone loves us, we are naturally drawn to him and would like to be closer to him. Knowing that one is loved brings peace and joy to the human heart. What more could the human being asked for than to be loved by the Supreme Power of the universe.” Imam Ali (a.s.) said: “Allah (s.w.t.) is more Merciful on you than you are to yourselves.”

Man has always been in pursuit of happiness for which he tries everything. There is a difference between pleasure and happiness. Pleasure relates to the body while happiness is related to heart. Happiness could be achieved by serving the servants of Allah (s.w.t.). So, the true happiness is achieved from faith and love for the Creator. Allah says in Holy Qur’an: “Surely, by the remembrance of Allah are hearts set at rest.” (13:28)

Hence, a Muslim should strive to achieve nearness by performing virtuous deeds and be obedient to Him. This is also confirmed by Imam Baqir (a.s.). It has been related that prayer and zakaat are the means of nearness to Allah.

When this nearness is achieved, man becomes Allah (s.w.t.)’s friend and Allah (s.w.t.) becomes man’s friend. Holy Qur’an says: “(Muhammad), tell them, “If you love Allah, follow me. Allah (s.w.t.) will love you and forgive your sins. Allah is All-forgiving and All-merciful” (3:31).

To get the best results, the prayer and zakaat must be performed sincerely and with proper intentions.

Imam Jaffer al-Sadiq (a.s.) said: “Allah (s.w.t.) revealed to Prophet Dawud saying ‘O Dawud, just a humble people are the nearest people to Allah, the proud ones are the farthest away from Allah’.”

Humility and good morals or kindness are secondary acts in obtaining nearness to Allah (s.w.t.) whereas the primary principle remains understanding and the worship of Allah (s.w.t.). The Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) said: “O Abu Dharr, worship Allah as if you see Him, for if you do not see him, He sees you.”

In reply to a question, Ayatullah Bahjat said: “If the seeker is truthful, abandoning sins suffices for one’s lifetime even if it is a thousand years. You must act upon what you learn and be persistent on it. Obey Allah, His Messenger, and the Imams as well as abandoning sins, in belief and in action.”

Aayatullah Muhsin Qara’ati defines nearness to Allah as: “Exaltation of the spirit through the ladder of existence whose consequence is the acquisition of influence in the creation. That is proximity to the Fountainhead of Creation and finding Him in one’s heart.”

As per Tradition in Bihar-ul-Anwar: “Man can always get nearer to Allah (s.w.t.) through recommended prayers”

Intention is very important. Let us examine the following Ayaats of the Holy Qur’an:

“Fight for the cause of Allah, those who fight you, but do not transgress, for Allah does not love transgressors.” (2:190). “There are those among people who give their lives to seek Allah’s pleasure. Allah is Affectionate to His servants.” (2:207) “We only feed you for the sake of Allah and we do not want any reward or thanks from you.” (76:9)

The phrases in bold letters are an indication of how much importance Allah attaches to the intention for nearness to Him. Bilal-e-Habashi, the “Muezzin” (caller of prayers) of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) had a defect in pronunciation. He would call “sheen” as “seen”. People criticized him, but the Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) said: “The ‘seen’ of Bilal is ‘sheen’ for Allah.” Although outwardly his work was defective, since he had motive for nearness and good intentions, hence he got the status and reward.

To attain nearness to Allah (s.w.t.), any act must be done for the sake of Allah (s.w.t.) regardless of its resultant joy or pain.

The servant of Allah is nearest to Him during prostration. If one weeps in prostration, it is even better.

The Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali (a.s.) says in Sermon 108 of Nahjul Balagha: “The best means by which the seekers of nearness to Allah, The Glorified, The Exalted, seek nearness, is belief in Him, and His Prophet, fighting in His cause, for it is the high pinnacle of Islam, and to believe in Kalimatul Ikhlas (the expression of Divine Purification) for it is just nature and the establishment of prayer for it is (the basis of) community, payment of zakaat (Islamic tax) for it is a compulsory obligation, fasting for the month of Ramazaan for it is the shield against chastisements, the performance of Hajj of the House of Allah (s.w.t.) and its Umrah (other than annual visit) for these two acts banish poverty and wash away sins, regard for kinship for it increases wealth and length of life, to giving alms secretly for it covers shortcomings, giving alms openly for it protects against a bad death and extending benefits (to people) for it saves from position of disgrace.”

To seek nearness to Allah (s.w.t.), we should: Recite and understand the Holy Qur’an and practice its commands.

1. Remember Allah (s.w.t.) through supplications and prayers.
2. Seek His forgiveness for our sins.

(Revised the original publication of March 12, 2013)

ZUHAIR IBN QAIN AL-BAJALI (R.A.)

 

History does not communicate sufficient information about Zuhair ibn Qain’s early life in Kufa. He was known to be in the Usmani camp against Imam Husayn (a.s.) He tried to avoid direct contact with Imam Husayn (a.s.) and he would camp away from the Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s camp. He was a noble warrior.

In one of the travels, it so happened that his camp was near Imam (a.s.)’s camp. Imam Husayn’s messenger came and informed Zuhair that the Imam wish to meet him. Dillam binte Amr, his wife, was present there and said, ‘Glory be to Allah, the son of the Prophet wishes to see you and you refuse to go. At least see what Husayn has to say. “Heeding this counsel, he crossed over to Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s side. Before long he returned looking grim and solemn. He ordered his tent to be relocated to Imam Husayn side. He turned towards his wife and said, “I release you from matrimony. Return to your family. I do not want to be responsible for any distress and misfortune befall you.” Then Zuhair declared, “I have decided to accompany Hussain (a.s.). I will sacrifice my life to save him.” His wife sobbed bitterly and bid farewell to Zuhair saying, “May Allah help you in your affair and attract only goodness and virtues towards you. My only plea is that you remember me on the Day of Resurrection in front of Hussain’s grand father Muhammad (s.a.w.a.s.).” Then Zuhair turned towards his companions and said, “Those of you who hold me dear may accompany me.”

On the Day of Ashura, while defending Habib ibn Mazahir, Zuhair truly and completely described his position he said, “By Allah! Neither have I ever written to Husayn (a.s.) offering my help nor have I ever pledged him my support. It was, but sheer coincidence, when we met on the way. When I saw Husayn (a.s.), I was reminded of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) and his sinless Progeny. I realized that Husayn (a.s.) was a victim of hatred and animosity. I then decided to join his army, assist him in his cause and sacrifice my life to safeguard his. I did this to observe the rights of Allah and His Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) on me.

When Imam Husayn (a.s.) released all companions from his allegiance, Zuhair delivered a speech which was mentioned by Imam -E-Zamana (a.t.f.s.) in “Ziarat of Martyrs” saying, “Peace be on Zuhair, the one who when permitted by Imam Husayn (a.s.) to return, said thus, “By Allah we shall never forsake you! Should we desert the Prophet’s son, leave him amidst the enemies, and save ourselves? May we never witness such a day!” (Kalamat al-Imam al-Mahdi page 27) By Allah! I prefer to be killed once, then get resurrected, then get killed again, and repeated this a thousand times, in order that you and the youths from your family may survive. “On hearing this, Imam Husayn (a.s.) said, “May Allah (s.w.t.) reward you.” (Behar al-Anwar v 44 pg. 316)  

On the Day of Ashura, Zuhair addressed the Yazid’s army, “O people of Kufa! Fear Allah’s chastisement! I am responsible as a Muslim to counsel you. For surely Allah has tested us through the Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) and his Progeny (a.s.). We invite all of you to help Husayn (a.s.) and disassociate from Yazid with whom you will only experience ignominy and disgrace.”

It was Zohar prayer time. Despite requesting for recess for prayers, the Yazidi army continued the aggression. Hence Imam Husayn decided to perform “Namaz-e-Khauf” in which one group performs prayer while other stand guard for them. Zuhair ibn Qain and Saeed ibn Abdullah after reciting prayers in the first group, stood guard for another group. The Yazidi army started the rain of arrows. These two brave companions requested permission from Imam Husain to stand in front of the Imam and shield him while he prays. By the time the prayer was finished, both fell on the ground.

Sources: The Event of Taff, The earliest historical account of the tragedy of Karbala, Abu Mikhnaf, The Journey of tears, Nafsal Muhimma by Shaikh Abbas Qummi, Al-Muntazar

THE CAUSES OF IMAM HUSAYN (A.S.)'S REVOLUTION

 

Imam Husayn (a.s.) was one of the greatest reformers who belonged to everyone everywhere. His message transcends the barriers of caste, creed, race, religion, and time. The advocates of human rights, sociologists, reformers, and theologians will find “delightful wisdom, sweet instructions” in his story. It was not a power struggle. Imam Husayn said, “correct, not conquer.” With a superhuman courage, Imam Husayn (a.s.) left a message for the entire world, “Do not submit to exploitation, of any kind, maintain a tenacious grip on veracity; better die with honor than live in shame.”

In a deliberate attempt to sabotage one of the articles of cease fire with Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba, Muawiya appointed his son Yazid as his successor and converted the so-called khilafat into monarchy. He continued to seek approval from important Muslim leaders using his old policy of offering wealth, lies and silence the opposition by sword. Muawiya wanted to set a rule for the kings who followed him, by appointing their successors. On his death, Yazid sent an emissary to Madinah to obtain allegiance of Imam Husayn (a.s.) and others and to kill them if they refuse. The Imam took the entire family including a newborn and proceeded to Makkah on 27 Rajab 60 A.H. and stayed for few months. In the meantime, he identified in public gatherings, the purpose of his departure from Madinah i.e., “Enjoining what is good and forbidding what is evil” and to follow the traditions of his grandfather and father.

Being the surviving member of Ahlul Bayt(a.s.), in whose favor various Ayahs of the Glorious Qur’an were revealed including Ayah of Purity (Tatheer) and Ayah of Truthfulness (Mubahilah), Imam Husayn (a.s.) was obliged take a stand against the corrupt forces of monarchy. Safeguarding Islam was emphasized by tradition of his grandfather, the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.), “Husayn Minni wa Ana Minal Husayn” meaning “Husain is from me, and I am from Husayn” The Imam continued to receive letters from the Kufans, signed by over 100,000 Muslims, inviting him to come to Kufa and establish the Islamic state. The leader of any revolt would endeavor to increase his numerical strength to achieve victory. On the night of the historic Day of Ashurah, Imam Husayn (a.s.) would advise his followers to leave him and save their lives. He even offered to absolve them of his oath of allegiance to think independently, free from any coercion.

Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s revolution is characterized by the moral, human and Divine aspects!

There were three aspects of Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s revolt; The first was that it was his decision to refuse the Umayyad’s demand to endorse Yazid’s succession to the caliphate. The second was that he responded positively to the appeals of the Kufans for him to set up a rival caliphate in Kufa. The third was that he took necessary action to take on the corrupt ruling establishment.

Sources: Truth about Imam Husayn (a.s.)’s Revolt by Ayatullah Murtadha Mutahhari (Shaheed)

                  Story of Karbala by (late) S.A. Mahdi (1985)

TAWHID, MONOTHEISM

 

Ayatullah Sayyid Ali Khamenei delivered a series of six lectures in 1971 in Mashhad, Iran at Imam Hasan Mujtaba Mosque. Appended below are the salient features of his first lecture.

Tawhid, Unity of Allah is the foundation of Islam and deserves to be addressed deeply and thoroughly. It is not the numerical distinction of ‘One’ against ‘Three’. Discussion of Tawhid places responsibilities and commitment on the shoulders of Muslims. If we could increase our contact with the Glorious Qur’an by reciting it with intelligence, we shall find a boundless ocean of Tawhid.

Everything in the Universe belongs to Allah. Allah created everything in this world, big or small. Allah made this Universe; it did not come into existence by itself or by accident. He has created everything with a specific system and maintains it by through laws. There is a similitude of sustaining the Universe by Allah with the contents of Ayah 255 of Surah al-Baqarah. (Ayatal Kursi)

Allah is ‘Ilah”. Ilah is to be worshipped and revered and man gives total control of his life. For those people who let their carnal desires control their lives, their ‘Ilah’ is those desires! Those who allow an arrogant and oppressive person to run their lives, they have this devil as their ‘Ilah’. In short, whatever has an unconditional authority over the existence and life of a man is his ‘Ilah’. There may be artificial ‘Ilah’ like Pharoah but no true, lawful ‘Ilah’ except Him. If you have accepted any thing as ‘Ilah’ except Him, you have sinned; you have acted contrary to truth, because there is no one except Allah deserving worship.

The Ayah next describes the Attributes of Allah; “al-Hai”. He is alive; everything else is dead. A life that did not exist at one time and will not exist in future, a living existence that is prone to annihilation in a split- second; what kind of life is this? The everlasting: the real life, the true life is that existence Who owns life and blesses all His creation with life and that is God. Al-Hai. That living existence. “Al-Qayyum”-The lasting existence Whose life has no end; that existence on Whom every life is dependent. If He is not there or if He does not want or will, life will cease to exist in the universe.

He does not dose off or sleep. Dozing off or sleep does not separate Him from Himself. Even a split-second distraction is not in His existence and life. Other creations become inattentive; false gods become unmindful of themselves and those in their charge. The essence that has nothing to do with ignorance is the true ruler of this universe, i.e., Allah.   

Who can intercede in front of Him without His permission? Prophets, Imams, saints, the pious believers, and martyrs intercede with God’s permission. They are all servants of Allah. Even we recite in ‘Tashahud- I testify that Muhammad is His servant and prophet. Being a servant is mentioned first’. They do not have a fraction of the knowledge except what He Wills. His position of the knowledge is greater than the heavens and the earth. Its safeguarding does not interfere Him.

Atrocious allegation that there is a son of Allah. “They say, ‘The All-beneficent has taken a son! The heavens are about to be rent apart at it, the earth to split open, and the mountains to collapse into bits.” (19:88-90) Whatever exists in the heavens and the earth is His slave and He surrounds them.

Source: Extracts from “Tawhid, Monotheism-Six Sermons by  Ayatullah Sayyid Ali Khamenei”

MUBAHELAH

 In the early days of Islam, Najran was a big center of learning whose inhabitants were idol-worshipers. Subsequently, they accepted Christianity. Najran is in the modern Hejaz, south of Jeddah. 

The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) had sent letters to the heads of different countries inviting them to Islam. One such letter was also sent to the bishop of Najran.It read as follows:

In the name of the God of Ibrahim, Is’haaq and Yaqoob. This letter is from Muhammad, the Prophet and Messenger of Allah to the Bishop of Najran. Praise be to the God of Ibrahim, Is’haaq, and Yaqoob. I invite you to worship Allah instead of His servants. I invite you to come out of the rule of servants of Allah and into the rule of Allah Himself.It is also stated that the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) included the following Ayah of the Glorious Qur’an:

“Say, (O’Muhammad) O People of the Book (Bible), come to an agreement that we shall worship none but Allah and that we shall claim no partner to Him, and that none of us shall take others for Lords besides Allah” And if they turn away, then say, “Bear witness that we are Muslims (who have surrendered to Allah).” (3:64) 

This was the event of 10 A.H. Sixty learned priests headed by their chief monk priest, Abdul Masih, came to Madinah and went straight to meet the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) wearing golden ornaments and dressed in silken clothes. He (s.a.w.a.s.) did not like their attire and turned his face away from them. They inquired from a few influential Companions for the reason, but they did not know the state of his (s.a.w.a.s.)’s mind. The Commander of the faithful, Maula Mushkil-Kusha, Imam Ali (a.s.) came to their rescue and advised them to dress in simple clothes. When they returned wearing simple clothes, the Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) warmly welcomed them. It may be inferred that appearances and attires show the thinking of the person. They wanted to show pride and high status. Following conversation ensued:

The Prophet: I invite you to the belief of Unity of Allah (Tauheed) and the worship of one God and submission to His will.

Abdul Masih: If Islam means faith in one God of the universe, we already believe in Him and follow His commands.

The Prophet: Islam has a few other signs and some of your actions show that you have not accepted true Islam. How do you claim worship of one God when you worship the cross and do not abstain from eating pork and believe that God has a son?

Abdul Masih: Certainly, he (I’sa (a.s.) was the son of God because his mother Mary- Mariyam (s.a.) had given birth to him without marrying anyone in the world. Therefore, obviously his father is the God of this universe. And, because he used to bring the dead back to life, cure the sick and create birds from clay and make them fly. It shows that he is God.

The Prophet: No, he was the servant and creature of God, and placed in the womb of his mother Mariyam (s.a.). All his power and strength were granted to him by God. At this time, Archangel Gabriel brought the following Ayah 59 of Surah Ale Imran: “Surely, the example of I’sa to Allah is like that of Adam; He created him from dust and then said to him, “Be” and he was “It means that if Isa (a.s.) could be called the son of God because he was born without father, then Adam (a.s.) deserves this title more because he was born without a father and a mother. The priests could not reply to this argument and continued to argue out of obstinacy.

Then the following Ayah 61 of Surah Ale Imran was revealed:

              “And whoever argue with you in this matter after what has come to you of knowledge then say, come, let us call our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, ourselves, and yourselves, then let us humbly pray (to our Lord) and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars” 

The Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) produced this verse before the priests and challenged for “Mubahalah”. The priests consulted each other and accepted the challenge. It was agreed that the contest would take place the next day in the open desert outside Madinah. On 24^th Dhul-Hijjah, the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.) came out for Mubahalah. He was holding Imam Husayn (a.s.) in his arms and held Imam Hasan (a.s.) by his hand; Chief of the women of the world; Sayyida Fatima Zahra (s.a.) was behind him, while the Lion of Allah, Imam Ali (a.s.) was behind her. The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said to them, “When I pray for curse of Allah, you should say Ameen”.

The priests, by seeing these shining faces emitting light, were spellbound. Their hearts trembled, and they began to shake on seeing the light radiating from the faces of The Sacred Panjetan (a.s.).Their leader asked: “who are these persons who have come with Muhammad “A man told their names and their relationship with the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.). He could no longer hold his patience and cried out:

“By God, I am seeing such faces that if they were to pray to God to move the mountain, God Almighty would move the mountain for them. O You People of Najran, if you contest with Muhammad in this prayer of invoking curses on the liars, then I warn you that all of you will be destroyed and not a single soul will remain on this earth. I feel that it would be better to surrender to them and obey them”

After the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) heard these words, he later remarked: “By God, had the Christians of Najran contested with us, they would have been transformed into monkeys and swine. Fire would have rained over them”  

It is a historic event of a unique triumph of Islam. This event unquestionably established the truth about Islam and the spiritual purity of the Ahlul Bayt (a.s.). It proved beyond doubt as to who were the members of The House of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) and their “unquestionable Truthfulness!”

There is a point to be remembered here that in Arabic language the plural tense is used for more than three persons. Allah had provided the place for three or more than three persons in the categories of “SONS”, “WOMEN”, and “SELVES”. But the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) had to decide as to who were the persons who were “TRUTHFUL” and never lied in their lifetime, because Mubahelah would bring up Allah’s wrath on the “LIARS”. It was a crucial test for Islam. Hence, he picked-up Imam Hasan (a.s.) and Imam Husayn (a.s.); only two persons for the place in “SONS”. While in the place of “WOMEN”, he picked-up only his daughter, The chief of the women of the world, Sayyida Fatima Zahra (s.a.). Similarly, in the place of “SELVES”, he picked up only The Conqueror of Khyber, Imam Ali (a.s.). 

After the sad demise of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.), when Sayyida Fatima Zahra (s.a.) claimed her gifted property of Fadak, which was given to her by her father, the Noble Prophet (s.a.w.a.s.), the Caliph did not accept their testimony. These were the same Panjetan, whose Truthfulness was accepted by Allah and the Christian priests.

 

                

THE TRIALS AND SUCCESSES OF PROPHET IBRAHIM (A.S.)

 

The Prophet Ibrahim (a.s.) was called the “Father of Prophets”. The Jews, The Christians and the Muslims all treat him as the “Father of Prophets” He (a.s.) had married Sarah and lived happily in Palestine. After many years they did not have any children, so Sarah suggested him to marry her maid Ha’jerah. Allah gave them a son Isma’il. They moved to Arabia and were living happily. After a while he (a.s.) wanted to go to see Sarah and he left them behind and prayed to Allah for their safety. “Our Lord! I have settled part of my descendants in a barren valley, by Your Sacred House, our Lord, that they may maintain the prayer. So, make the hearts of the part of the people fond of them, and provide them with fruits, so that they may give thanks.” (37:14).  The food and water left by him was running low. She placed Isma’il on sand and started running on the Mount of Safa and Marwa desperately looking for water. She ran seven times. On return she saw that water started to come from the sand where the baby was kicking the ground. She exclaimed “Zamzam”. Allah not only saved the future prophet and his mother but also made it a sign for the future humanity. During the season of Hajj, the Hajis also run between the mounts of Safa and Marwa seven times. “Indeed, Safa and Marwa are among Allah’s sacraments.” (2:158)

Earlier, Prophet Ibrahim logically established the Unity of Allah by considering the giant heavenly bodies like sun, moon, and stars as creations of Allah and not deities to be worshipped.  “When he saw a star and said, ‘This is my Lord! ‘When it set, he said, ‘I do not like those who set’. Similar was his remark for moon. When he saw sun rising, he said, ‘This is my Lord! This is bigger! But when it set, he said,’O people, indeed I disown what you take as His partners.” (6:78)

He even destroyed the idols of the community he was in. The tyrant of the times, Nimrod ordered him to be burned alive in a mammoth fire lit up for this purpose. Shaytan came to help the people to burn Ibrahim in the fire, but the problem was how to throw him in it. Shaytan told the people to prepare a catapult and hurl him in the fire. Allah, the Most Powerful saved Ibrahim from the fire by ordering fire to become cool for him and not hurting him. “We said, ‘O fire! Be cool and safe for Ibrahim.” (69:21)

Allah ordered Ibrahim and his son Isma’il to raise the foundations of the old House of Allah Ka’ba. Hence the father and the son rebuilt the Ka’ba as stated in the Glorious Qur’an, “As Ibrahim raised the foundations of the House with Ismail (they prayed) ‘Our Lord, accept it from us! Indeed, You are the All-hearing, the All-knowing. ’Our Lord, make us submissive to You.” (2:127-28)

Ibrahim dreamed three nights that he was sacrificing his son; “I see in a dream that I am sacrificing you. See what you think. “He said, “Father! Do what you have been commanded. If Allah wishes, you will find me to be patient. So, when they both had submitted (to Allah’s will) and he had laid him down on his forehead, We called out to him, ‘O Ibrahim! You have indeed fulfilled the vision! Thus, indeed do We reward the virtuous! This was indeed a manifest test. Then We ransomed him with a great sacrifice. (37:102-106)  

Similarly, when Ibrahim was tested, and he fulfilled them then Allah made him the Imam of the mankind. Ibrahim was already a prophet hence the reward must be superior to his existing status. Hence, the Imamate is superior to prophet hood. “And when His Lord tested Ibrahim with certain words, and he fulfilled them, He said, ‘I am making you the Imam of mankind. ‘Said he, ‘And from among my descendants?’ He said, ’My pledge does not extend to the unjust.’ (2:124)

IMPORTANT EVENTS IN THE MONTH OF DHUL HIJJAH

 

Ist of Dhul Hijjah               The wedding ceremony of the Chief of the Women of the world, Sayyeda Fatima Zahra (s.a.) and the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali (a.s.)

7h of Dhul Hijjah               Martyrdom of the 5ht. Imam, Muhammad al-Baqir (a.s.)

8^th of Dhul Hijjah              Sayyed ush Shuhadah, Imam Husayn (a.s.) left Makkah towards Karbala

9^th of Dhul Hijjah              Day of Arafa & the Martyrdom of Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel (a.s.)

10^th of Dhul Hijjah            Eid al-Adha

18^th of Dhul Hijjah            Eid al-Ghadeer

24^th of Dhul Hijjah            Eid -e-Mubahela

A shiah Muslim is supposed to be happy when Ahlul Bayt (a.s.) are happy and be sad when they are sad.

Marriage of Sayyeda Fatema Zahra (s.a.) and Imam Ali (a.s.): After the Migration (Hijrat) of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.), his companions requested for the hand of Sayyeda Fatema Zahra (s.a.). The Messenger said that her marriage was in the discretion of Allah. When persuaded by other companions, Imam Ali (a.s.) asked her hand. He (s.a.w.a.s.) asked her to which she kept silence and the Messenger construed her silence as agreement. The Messenger greeted Imam Ali (a.s.), asked as to what assets he possessed. Imam Ali had a camel, a sword, and a shield. The Messenger sold his shield for 500 Dirham which became her dowry and used her dowry for the purchase of provisions for the house. It was the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, but Muslims forgot this Sunnah! Their marriage was solemnized on the earth and in the heavens.

Eid al-Adha: Hazrat Ibrahim saw a dream three times that he was sacrificing his young son, Is’maeel. He told his son about the dream, who was also a prophet and realized that it was Allah’s order to sacrifice him. He also agreed. Hazrat Ibrahim fastened his sons’ hands and feet, placed bandage on his eyes and sacrificed him. But Allah replaced Hazrat Is’maeel by a goat which was sacrificed. Allah accepted his sacrifice and made it an example for future generations.

Eid al-Ghadeer: It was the last year of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) earthly life. He was returning after performing Hajj along with about 120,000 Muslims when an Ayah was revealed, “Balligh ma Unzila Ilaik Min Rabbik. Wa in lam taf’al Fama Ballaghta Risalata” (5:67) It means communicate that which has been sent down to you from your Lord, and if you do not, you will not have communicated His message. This was the only occasion when Allah’s Divine tone was threatening. The Messenger had delivered each and every command received by him up to that point and he had left this world about two months later. It must have been an especially important task to be performed. The Messenger asked everyone to stop, prepare a temporary pulpit by seats of the camels. He delivered a long sermon reminding them of his services and asked if he did not have more right over them, they replied in affirmative. Then he said, “Whoever’s Master (Mawla) I am, Ali is also his Master (Mawla).” It was the Proclamation of the “Wilayat” of Imam Ali (a.s.). Immediately after this, Ayah 3 of Surah al-Ma’idah was revealed which says, “…Today I have perfected your religion for you, and I have completed My blessing upon you, and I have approved Islam as your religion.”

Eid-e-Mubahela:   The priests of Najran, a town with a population of about 40,000 Christians, visited Madina to discuss the status of Jesus. They had several meetings with Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.). Their main contention was about the fatherhood of Jesus. He insisted that Jesus was only a prophet of Allah. The Glorious Qur’an states, “Verily, the similitude of Jesus with Allah is as the similitude of Adam; Allah created him out of dust, then said to him, ‘Be’ and he became.” (3:59). When the priests continued argument, it was agreed upon to perform “Mubahela” (the mutual imprecation). Mubahela is derived from the root word ‘bahala’ meaning ‘curse’. The chief of the Priests told his companions that if the Prophet brings his people in Mubahela, then they will accept the challenge but if he brings his family members then they will not do mubahela. Next day, The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s) came out with little Imam Husayn (a.s.) in his lap, while Imam Hasan (a.s.) was holding his finger followed by Sayyeda Fatima Zahra (s.a.), fully covered in hijab and Imam Ali (a.s.) was behind her. The Glorious Qur’an says, “Should anyone argue with you concerning him, after the knowledge has come to you, say, ‘Come! Let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, our souls, and your souls, and let us pray earnestly and call down Allah’s curse upon the liars.’ (3:61) The point to be noted is the Plural tense; sons, women, and souls but the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) took two grandchildren, one daughter and one cousin. In the Arabic language plural tense is used for three or more!

THE WORDS OF WISDOM OF IMAM ALI (A.S.) ABOUT "THINKING"

 

The “Nafse Rasool”, “The Gateway of Knowledge”, the Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (a.s.) possessed supernatural knowledge. He was born inside the Holy Ka’ba, did not open his eyes for three days but opened it in the lap of the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.), who gave his tongue in baby’s mouth transferring all the streams of knowledge to him. He had spoken about everything, and his short sayings were collected in the late fifth century in a book known as “Ghurar Al Hikam” by Abdul Wahid al-Tamimi al-Amudi. The book contains more than Eleven Thousand Pearl of Wisdom. The Book can be seen online. There are seventy-seven sayings about “Thinking”. A selection is appended below:

The root of wisdom is reflection, its fruit is well-being.

The root of safety from error is thinking before acting and reflecting before speaking.

Contemplation is worship and it illuminates the mind. Thought is a gleaming mirror.

The benefit of thinking is finding solutions. Contemplations leads to gaining wisdom.

Think about the bounties of Allah is the best worship.

Thinking about the good (action) invites one to act upon it.

By repeated thinking (and contemplation), doubt is dispelled. By considering the consequences, 

one is saved from harm.

The cornerstone of insight is contemplation.

Think before you decide, consult before you proceed, and ponder before you rush forward.

The deliberation of the slow is better than the impulsiveness of the hasty.

Your contemplation guides you to the right path and motivates you to improve your Hereafter.

Thinking for a short while is better than prolonged worship.

Your thinking about worship prompts you to act upon it.

Your thinking about sin drives you to fall into it. Measure and then cut, think, and then speak, 

verify, and then act.

One who thinks a lot about (worldly) pleasures is overpowered by them.

One who thinks and reflects learns a lesson from everything.

There is no worship like contemplation.

Thinking about the kingdom of the heavens and earth is the worship of the sincere ones. 

Contemplation guides to the right path.

IMPORTANCE OF PROMISE (AHD) IN ISLAM

 

The word “Promise” or “Ahd” has been used forty-two times in the Glorious Qur’an. It means covenant, agreement, and promise. Being truthful to promise is a sign of devotion in Allah, “And mention Isma’eel in the Book; surely he was truthful in (his) promise, and he was an apostle and a prophet.” (19:54). Allah promised Prophet Ibrahim to make him an Imam for mankind. (2:124) He wished the station of Imamate for his children. Allah made a conditional Promise saying, “My covenant does not include the unjust.” (2:124) This is the greatest proof of showing the prophets and their successors must be infallible. At another place, Allah describes the righteousness saying, “It is not righteousness that you turn your face towards East and the West, but righteousness is this that one should believe in Allah and the Last Day, and the angels and the Book and the prophets……and the performers of their promise when they make a promise.” (2:177)

In “Safinat al-Bihar” v.2 page 675, the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “The closest of you to me on the Day of Judgement is the most truthful ones in speaking, giving the trusts (back to their owners), the keepers of promise, and the closest to the people in good temperament.”

The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) once promised a man that he will remain sitting until the man returned. The man went away, and the sun rose. Soon it became extremely hot but he Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) never changed his place. One of his companions said, “What difference does it make if you come and sit in the shade?” The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “I promised to meet him here and not change the place till he comes, in order to fulfill my promise to him.”

The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (a.s.) said, “Breach of promise brings the hatred of Allah and of people. Allah says, “It is most hateful to Allah that you should say that which you do not do.” (61:3)

To perpetuate the habit of keeping promises and abiding by covenants in the society, it is imperative to train the people from their very childhood to be true to their words. The child emulates the actions and words of their parents. The parents can set an example for their children. By nature, the child expects that promises will be kept. When the parents fulfil their small promises, the child gets trained in this important aspect of life. But if they take small promises lightly and neglect them, the child takes the negative example and develops the habit of breaking his word. They start believing that promises are meant to be broken. The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Love the children. Treat them with kindness and if you make a promise to them, fulfill it without fail.”

Sources: The Glorious Qur’an

                  Piety (Taqwa) by Sayyed Hussain Shaikh al-Islam Tooysarkani

                  characteristics of A Muslim by AL-Balagh Foundation

                  Living the Right Way by Jawad Tehrani

                 Principles of Upbringing Children by Ayatullah Ibrahim Amini

HOW TO KEEP AWAY INDECENCY AND EVIL FRO OUR LIVES

 

Five times obligatory prayers keep us away from indecency and evil from our lives. The Glorious Qur’an guides us in Surah al-An’kabut Ayah 45 saying: “Recite that have been revealed to you of the Book, and establish the prayer, verily, prayer (keeps) one away from indecency and evil, and certainly the remembrance of Allah is greater, and Allah knows what you do.” In this Ayah, Allah (s.w.t.) commands His Messenger to take help from the two strengthening sources for performing the heavy responsibility of Prophet hood. He (s.a.w.a.s.) will find whatever he wants in them: knowledge and wisdom, advice and admonition, the criterion for the cognition of right and wrong, the means of enlightening of heart and spirit. He should recite it and apply in his life. The next command is to establish prayer which keeps one away from indecency and evil. Since the nature of prayer reminds man the strongest restraining factors i.e., the firm belief in origin and the Resurrection. He who stands in prayer, calls Allah higher than everything, he remembers His Bounties, praises, and glorifies Him, remembers the Day of Judgement, confesses his servitude to Him, seeks for His help, asks Him to lead him to the Straight Path, and he refuges to Him for the path of those inflicted with His Wrath and those gone astray. It creates a wave of spirituality in him which is a barrier against sins.

The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said: “The five ritual prayers are like a stream with flowing wholesome water at the door of one of you in which he washes himself five times a day, then there will remain no dirt over his body.” “Whoever intentionally abandons prayer, his name will be written on the door of Hell among those who enter it. Allah says: “I have a covenant for My servant that if he establishes the prayer in its time, I may not punish him and that I admit him in Paradise without reckoning.”

Imam Ali (a.s.) said: “I recommend you to prayer and protecting it is the best deed and it is the pillar of your religion”

Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said: “The one who wants to know whether his prayer has been accepted or not, he should see whether his prayer hindered him from indecency and evil.” The first thing that will be reckoned from a servant is the prayer. If the prayer is accepted, his other (good) deeds will be accepted, if it is rejected, his other good deeds will not be accepted.

Benefits of Prayers:

1.       The basis, philosophy of the prayer is the remembrance of Allah.

2.       The prayer is the means of wiping out the sins and forgiveness of Allah.

3.       The prayer is the barrier against committing future sins.

4.       The prayer removes negligence.

5.       The prayer removes egotism and haughtiness

6.       The prayer fosters the virtues of morals and spiritual perfection.

7.       As Imam Ali (a.s.) says: “prayer is a means of seeking nearness to Allah.”

8.       The prayer gives value and spirit to other deeds.

9.       The prayer strengthens the spirit of discipline.

10.   As Imam Imam Ali al-Reza (a.s.) said: “The reason of the legislation of prayer is acknowledgement to the Lordship of Allah, struggle against polytheism and idolatry,

 standing in front of Allah in utmost humbleness and submission, confession to the sins and asking forgiveness for the past faults and putting forehead on the ground for the Glorification of Allah every day.

Source: The Glorious Qur’an (Urdu translation) of Tafsir-e-Namounah compiled by Ayatuallah Nasir Makarem Shirazi

THE STATUS OF SICKNESS IN ISLAM

 

Islam has covered every nook and corner of human life. The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) and his Pure Progeny had expressed their thoughts about it.

Sickness is called “Maraz” which was used 24 times in the Glorious Qur’an. It includes the physical and spiritual sickness. Without going into the complex causes of different sickness, we may review it in the light of Ahlul Bayt (a.s.)’s sayings. In Surah al-Shu’ara Ayah 80, Allah quotes Prophet Ibrahim, “And whenever I am sick, then He heals me.”

Primordial Prevention: The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Eat while you have the appetite, and refrain from eating while you still have the appetite.”

Primary Prevention: Surah al-Baqarah Ayah195 says, “Do not lay cast yourself into destruction.” Imam Ali (a.s.) said, “The stomach is the house of maladies, and denial is the principal medicine, and there is no well-being in greed.” Imam Ali al-Reza (a.s.) said, “And the peak of denial is to treat the body gently and with friendliness.”

Secondary Prevention: Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “One of the Prophets (once) got ill, whereupon he said; I shall not cure myself until He Who made me sick treats me Himself. The Almighty Allah revealed unto him: I will not cure you, until you treat yourself, for surely ‘cure’ comes from Me.” (Bihar ul Anwar v.59 pg. 66)

 Islam does not encourage one to immediately seek medicine for illnesses that take time to disappear. Instead, one is advised to take natural foods that have a medicinal effect on body.

Traditions showing how sickness could be advantageous to the believing souls: The Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) said, “Indeed a person may have a station near Allah which he could not attained only by his actions, (and thus) he would be afflicted by an ailment in his body by which he would attain that station.” Imam Ali (a.s.) said, “When Allah afflicts someone with a calamity, He reduces his sins in accordance with his calamity.” Imam Ali al-Reza (a.s.) said, “Sickness is purification and mercy for the believer and a punishment and curse for the disbeliever. Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “A night’s headache removes all of one’s sins, save the major ones.”

 Sadaqah is a powerful means of curing a sick. Imam Sadiq (a.s.) said, “Treat your sick by giving Sadaqah.” He also said, “Remembering us the Ahlul Bayt (a.s.) is a cure from illness and diseases as well as from insinuation of doubt.”

The principal cause of many of the physical illnesses stem from spiritual illnesses, either from ourselves or others. An example of the first is when a person has no sense of temperance and allows his faculty of desire to prevail over his faculty of intellect, and engages in overindulgence in eating, copulation etc. Such lifestyle would be replete with illnesses. Sometimes, you are invited to a friend’s house and served with delicious food, but because you friend did not observe some religious or hygienic precautions while cooking, you became ill.

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s.) supplicates in “Sahifa-e-Sajjadia” in 29 couplets saying, “Praise be to Allah for good health enabling me to do good deeds and for ailments in my body to test me. I do not know which deserves more thanks. Sickness purifies and decreases the burden of sins.”

Sources: Daily Supplications in the moth of Ramazan by Abu Muhammad Zaynul Abidin

                Sahifa-e-Sajjadia, A Book of Supplications of the Infallible Imam Ali ibnal Husayn (a.s.)

THE NOBLE MESSENGER (S.A.W.A.S.)'S SERMON ON THE ADVENT OF RAMADHAN

 

Following is the English translation of the Sermon of the Messenger of Allah before the commencement of the Holy month of Ramadhan:

“O People! The month (Ramadhan) of Allah has come with His mercies, blessings, and forgiveness. Allah has decreed this month the best of all months. Its days are best among the days, its nights are the best among the nights and its hours are the best among the hours. This is a month in which you have been invited by Him (to fast and to pray). Allah has honored you in it. In it every breath you take is (has the reward of) ‘Tasbih’ (the praise of Allah), your sleep is worship, your good deeds are accepted, and your invocations answered. Therefore, you must invoke your Lord in right earnest with your hearts that are free from sin and evil. And pray that Allah may help you to keep fasts and recite the Glorious Qur’an. Indeed! Miserable is the one who is deprived of Allah’s forgiveness in this great month. While fasting, remember the hunger and thirst on the Day of Judgement. Give alms to the poor and needy. Pay respect to your elders, have sympathy for your youngsters and be kind towards your relatives and kinsmen. Guard your tongue towards unworthy words, and your eyes from scenes (forbidden) and your ears from sounds that should not be heard. Be kind to orphans so that if your children become orphans, they also will be treated with kindness. Do repent to Allah for your sins and supplicate with raised hands at the times of prayer as these are the best times, during which Almighty Allah looks at His servants with mercy. (He) Answers if they supplicate, Responds if they call, Grants if they ask, and Accepts if they entreat. O People! You have made your conscience the slave of your desires. Make it free, by invoking Him for forgiveness. Your back is breaking under the heavy load of your sins, so prostrate yourself before Him for long intervals and make it lighter. Do understand fully well that Allah has promised in the name of His Majesty and Honor that He will not take to task such people who perform Salaat and Sajda (prostration), and that He will guard their bodies against the Fire of Hell on the Day of Judgment People! If anyone amongst you arranges for the Iftar (food for ending fast at sunset) of any believers, then Allah will give him the reward as if he had set free a slave, and He will forgive his previous sins. Keep yourself away from the fire of hell, though it may consist of half a date or even some water if you have nothing else. O People! Anybody in this month cultivates good manners, will walk over the Sirat (bridge leading to Paradise) on the day when feet will tend to slip. Anybody who in this month may take light work from his servants, Allah will make easy his accounting, and anybody who does not annoy others in it, Allah will keep him safe from His Wrath on the Day of Judgement. Anybody who respects and treats an orphan with kindness in it, Allah shall look at him with kindness on that Day. Anybody who treats his kinsmen in it, Allah will bestow His Mercy on him on the Day of Judgement, while anyone maltreats his kinsmen in it, Allah will keep him away from His Mercy. Whoever offers recommended prayers in it, Allah will save him from hell, and whoever offers obligatory in it, his rewards will be that of seventy such obligatory that were observed in other months. Whoever recites repeatedly blessings (Salawat) on me in it, Allah will keep the scales of his good deeds heavy (on Judgement Day) whilst the scales of others will be tending to lightness. Whoever recites in this month an Ayah (verse) of the Holy Qur’an, his reward will be that of reciting the whole Qur’an in other months. O People! The gates of Paradise remain open in this month. Do pray to your Lord that they may not be closed for you. While the gates of hell are closed, do pray to your Lord they may never be opened for you. Satans have been hand-cuffed; invoke our Lord, not to let them dominate you.”

The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (a.s.) asked, “O Messenger of Allah, what is the best of the deeds in this month?” He (s.a.w.a.s.) replied, “The best of the deeds in this month is to be far from what Allah has forbidden.”

PROPHET SALEH (A.S.)

 

Prophet Saleh was the great grandson of Prophet Noah (a.s.) – fifth generation. He was born 2,973 after the fall of Prophet Adam (a.s.). He was of high stature, broad shouldered, black haired and rosy cheeks. He preached most of the time and was known pious in his youth. He was appointed a Prophet at the young age of 16 years. He lived for 280 years and when died he was buried between Rukn and Maqam of the Holy House of Ka’abah.

It was reported by the Infallible Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (a.s.) that Archangel Gabriel told the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) that Prophet Saleh (a.s.) offered two proposals to the idol worshipers” If you desire anything, ask me so that I will ask my God to fulfil your desire. Or if you wish I will ask your Gods to fulfil a desire. If they fulfilled my desire, I would depart from among you.” They said, “O Saleh! You are fair.” They left the city with their idols on their backs. When they were free from their eating and drinking, they said: O Saleh! Ask whatever you wish.” Saleh called by name every idol, but they did not reply. Ultimately Saleh ask them to ask him, and God will answer their request. Their chiefs said, “O Saleh!  We ask you something and if your Lord answers, we will follow you. “They all went to the nearby mountain and the Chiefs said, “Ask your Lord to bring out from this mountain, a red, pure and pregnant she-camel right now.” At that moment, the mountain cleaved, and a horrible sound was heard, and the head of a she-camel and other parts also emerged, and the camel stood on her four feet. They asked for young one of the camel which was also brought forward. They returned to their people and described the miracle to them. A heated argument among the chiefs followed. Saleh said, “This is the she-camel; she will have portion of water, and you have portion of water on appointed time.” (26:155) One of the chiefs slaughtered the she-camel. The young one the she-camel came to Prophet Saleh and cried three times “O Saleh! Where is my mother?” and disappeared. Saleh said, “Enjoy yourself in your abode for three, that is a promise not to be belied.” (11:65) And eventually a torment descended: “Then the earthquake overtook them, so they became motionless bodies in their abode.” (7:77)

There are seventy Ayahs in the Glorious Qur’an regarding Prophet Saleh and his people known as “the community of Thamud” as detailed below:

Surah al-A’raf    7              Surah al-Hud      8              Surah al-Hijr       5              Surah al-Isra’      1              Surah al-Shu’ra      18

Surah al-Namal 9              Surah Ankabut  1              Surah Fussilat    2              Surah Dhariyat  3              Surah al-Qamar       9

Surah Huqqah   2              Surah al-Shams 5

There are other narrations regarding Prophet Saleh and his people called Thamud. There is a common tradition quoted by Shia and Sunni scholars which states the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) asked the Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (a.s.), “O Ali! Who are most evil among the ancient people? Imam Ali (a.s.) replied, “The killer of Saleh’s she-camels. “The Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) asked, “Who is the most evil of the people of the later age?” When Imam Ali (a.s.) did not reply, the Noble Messenger (s.a.w.a.s.) replied,” It is the person who will strike your head.”

Sources: Hayat al-Qulub vol. 1 by Allama Muhammad Baqir Majlisi (r.a.)

                Ethics of Prophets by Mohammad Mehdi Taj Langaroodi, Tafsir-e-Mauzui by Ayatullah Ja’far Subhani